3.10.28 \(\int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx\) [928]

Optimal. Leaf size=58 \[ \frac {1}{3} x \sqrt {1+x^4}-\frac {\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{6 \sqrt {1+x^4}} \]

[Out]

1/3*x*(x^4+1)^(1/2)-1/6*(x^2+1)*(cos(2*arctan(x))^2)^(1/2)/cos(2*arctan(x))*EllipticF(sin(2*arctan(x)),1/2*2^(
1/2))*((x^4+1)/(x^2+1)^2)^(1/2)/(x^4+1)^(1/2)

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.01, antiderivative size = 58, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 2, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 13, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.154, Rules used = {327, 226} \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{3} x \sqrt {x^4+1}-\frac {\left (x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^4+1}{\left (x^2+1\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}(x)\left |\frac {1}{2}\right .\right )}{6 \sqrt {x^4+1}} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[x^4/Sqrt[1 + x^4],x]

[Out]

(x*Sqrt[1 + x^4])/3 - ((1 + x^2)*Sqrt[(1 + x^4)/(1 + x^2)^2]*EllipticF[2*ArcTan[x], 1/2])/(6*Sqrt[1 + x^4])

Rule 226

Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^4], x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b/a, 4]}, Simp[(1 + q^2*x^2)*(Sqrt[(a + b*x^4)/(a*(
1 + q^2*x^2)^2)]/(2*q*Sqrt[a + b*x^4]))*EllipticF[2*ArcTan[q*x], 1/2], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[b/a]

Rule 327

Int[((c_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[c^(n - 1)*(c*x)^(m - n + 1)*((a + b*x^n
)^(p + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))), x] - Dist[a*c^n*((m - n + 1)/(b*(m + n*p + 1))), Int[(c*x)^(m - n)*(a + b*x^n)^p
, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, p}, x] && IGtQ[n, 0] && GtQ[m, n - 1] && NeQ[m + n*p + 1, 0] && IntBinomialQ[a, b,
c, n, m, p, x]

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx &=\frac {1}{3} x \sqrt {1+x^4}-\frac {1}{3} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx\\ &=\frac {1}{3} x \sqrt {1+x^4}-\frac {\left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{6 \sqrt {1+x^4}}\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in optimal.
time = 10.02, size = 32, normalized size = 0.55 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{3} x \left (\sqrt {1+x^4}-\, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2};\frac {5}{4};-x^4\right )\right ) \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[x^4/Sqrt[1 + x^4],x]

[Out]

(x*(Sqrt[1 + x^4] - Hypergeometric2F1[1/4, 1/2, 5/4, -x^4]))/3

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Maple [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.15, size = 72, normalized size = 1.24

method	result	size
meijerg	\(\frac {x^{5} \hypergeom \left (\left [\frac {1}{2}, \frac {5}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {9}{4}\right ], -x^{4}\right )}{5}\)	\(17\)
default	\(\frac {x \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{3}-\frac {\sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{3 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\)	\(72\)
risch	\(\frac {x \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{3}-\frac {\sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{3 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\)	\(72\)
elliptic	\(\frac {x \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{3}-\frac {\sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{3 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\)	\(72\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^4/(x^4+1)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

1/3*x*(x^4+1)^(1/2)-1/3/(1/2*2^(1/2)+1/2*I*2^(1/2))*(1-I*x^2)^(1/2)*(1+I*x^2)^(1/2)/(x^4+1)^(1/2)*EllipticF(x*
(1/2*2^(1/2)+1/2*I*2^(1/2)),I)

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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^4/(x^4+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(x^4/sqrt(x^4 + 1), x)

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Fricas [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.08, size = 26, normalized size = 0.45 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{3} \, \sqrt {x^{4} + 1} x - \frac {1}{3} i \, \sqrt {i} F(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {i}}{x}\right )\,|\,-1) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^4/(x^4+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

1/3*sqrt(x^4 + 1)*x - 1/3*I*sqrt(I)*elliptic_f(arcsin(sqrt(I)/x), -1)

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Sympy [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.32, size = 29, normalized size = 0.50 \begin {gather*} \frac {x^{5} \Gamma \left (\frac {5}{4}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{2}, \frac {5}{4} \\ \frac {9}{4} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{4} e^{i \pi }} \right )}}{4 \Gamma \left (\frac {9}{4}\right )} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x**4/(x**4+1)**(1/2),x)

[Out]

x**5*gamma(5/4)*hyper((1/2, 5/4), (9/4,), x**4*exp_polar(I*pi))/(4*gamma(9/4))

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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(x^4/(x^4+1)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate(x^4/sqrt(x^4 + 1), x)

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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.02 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt {x^4+1}} \,d x \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(x^4/(x^4 + 1)^(1/2),x)

[Out]

int(x^4/(x^4 + 1)^(1/2), x)

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